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homotopic loops

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  • Fundamental group — In mathematics, the fundamental group is one of the basic concepts of algebraic topology. Associated with every point of a topological space there is a fundamental group that conveys information about the 1 dimensional structure of the portion of …   Wikipedia

  • Covering group — This article is about topological covering group. For algebraic covering group, see universal perfect central extension. In mathematics, a covering group of a topological group H is a covering space G of H such that G is a topological group and… …   Wikipedia

  • Induced homomorphism (fundamental group) — In mathematics, especially in the area of topology known as algebraic topology, the induced homomorphism is a group homomorphism related to the study of the fundamental group.DefinitionLet X and Y be topological spaces; let x 0 be a point of X… …   Wikipedia

  • Path (topology) — The points traced by a path from A to B in R². However, different paths can trace the same set of points. In mathematics, a path in a topological space X is a continuous map f from the unit interval I = [0,1] to X f : I → X. The initial… …   Wikipedia

  • Loop group — In mathematics, a loop group is a group of loops in a topological group G with multiplication defined pointwise. Specifically, let LG denote the space of continuous maps S^1 o G equipped with the compact open topology. An element of LG is called… …   Wikipedia

  • Homotopy group — In mathematics, homotopy groups are used in algebraic topology to classify topological spaces. The base point preserving maps from an n dimensional sphere (with base point) into a given space (with base point) are collected into equivalence… …   Wikipedia

  • H-space — In mathematics, an H space is a topological space X (generally assumed to be connected) together with a continuous map μ : X times; X → X with an identity element e so that μ( e , x ) = μ( x , e ) = x for all x in X . Alternatively, the maps μ( e …   Wikipedia

  • Group (mathematics) — This article covers basic notions. For advanced topics, see Group theory. The possible manipulations of this Rubik s Cube form a group. In mathematics, a group is an algebraic structure consisting of a set together with an operation that combines …   Wikipedia

  • Seifert–van Kampen theorem — In mathematics, the Seifert–van Kampen theorem of algebraic topology, sometimes just called van Kampen s theorem, expresses the structure of the fundamental group of a topological space X, in terms of the fundamental groups of two open, path… …   Wikipedia

  • Dehn function — In the mathematical subject of geometric group theory, a Dehn function, named after Max Dehn, is an optimal function associated to a finite group presentation which bounds the area of a relation in that group (that is a freely reduced word in the …   Wikipedia

  • Cortical cooling — Neuroscientists generate various studies to help explain many of the complex connections and functions of the brain. Most studies utilize animal models that have varying degrees of comparison to the human brain; for example, small rodents are… …   Wikipedia

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